Week 4 – Physical Security – Assessment Test

Assets protection is increasingly being based upon which principle?

Logical Approach

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Enterprise security risk management

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Return on investment

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Methodical Approach

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What is one of the most critical requirements for successful ESRM adoption?

Integration of security into the organization's culture

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Alignment of security strategy with the organization's strategy

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Stakeholders gaining a more consistent understanding of security

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Understanding the organization itself

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The ESRM Cycle has four core steps these are?

Establish Context, Risk Identification, Risk Analysis, Risk Evaluation, Treat Risk, Risk Treatment

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Characterization of the facility, Establishment of Threat Definition, Establishment of Target Identification

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Identify and prioritize assets; identify and prioritize risks; mitigate prioritized risks; continuous improvement

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Establishment of Threat Definition, Characterisation of the facility, Establishment of Target Identification

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An effective physical security strategy employs seven basic functions orchestrated and tailored manner. What are these functions?

Access control, deniability, natural surveillance, policies, people, assessment, evidence gathering

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Access control, deterrence, detection, observation, assessment, response, evidence gathering

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Access control, Deter, Detect, Delay, Deny, Destroy, evidence gathering

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D. Access control, deterrence, detection, assessment, delay, response, evidence gathering

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A thorough and accurate understanding of the current situation is critical to any physical security

project. What is the basic tool for developing this understanding?

Vulnerability assessment

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security risk assessment or security survey

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Design-based threat

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Threat assessment

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Which of the following best describes qualitative analysis?

It uses numeric measures to describe the value of assets or the level of threat

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It is used to measure the effectiveness of a physical protection system whose primary functions are to detect, delay, and respond

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It does not use numbers or numeric values to describe the risk components

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It is a method determined by the executive decision-maker to identify the system budget

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Which of the following best describes an asset?

An item defined by the company as valuable to operations

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Assets are defined by the security consultant at the start of the risk assessment process

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Is anything that has tangible or intangible value to an enterprise

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Is a resource that is tangible to the business, organization, or individual

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What are the factors to consider in determining asset value?

Immediate response and recovery costs

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Investigation costs

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Replacement costs

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All of the above

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Physical security elements are generally relevant to what types of threats?

Environmental

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Inadvertent

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Intentional

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Utility interruptions

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To ensure __________ effectiveness, the consultant should design the ________at the inception of the project. Choose the missing words.

Project/brief

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Maximum/system

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Tender/specification

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System/policy

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Broder (2012), in Risk analysis and the Security Survey, identifies two functions of the survey report. These functions can be achieved using five criteria of good reporting. What are they?

Timeliness, brevity, conciseness, accuracy, slant & pitch

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Accuracy, clarity, conciseness, timeliness, slant & pitch

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Accuracy, brevity, slant & pitch, timeliness, conciseness

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Cost-benefit, clarity, conciseness, timeliness, slant & pitch

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A sound ______________strategy dictates that physical security solutions be well orchestrated in a thoughtful manner and not put in place as __________to a loss event or the availability of new, attractive _________________touted by vendors. Choose the missing words.

Risk management/ a reaction/ electronic systems

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Cost-benefit analysis/overreaction/electronic systems

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Business/a piecemeal practice/security equipment

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Risk management/ a reaction/ security systems

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Metrics are a _______ tool that security professionals can use to _______ and _________ their

programs. Choose the missing words.

Systematic/validate/assure

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Valued/watched/analyze

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Valuable/ view/ analyze

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Methodical/view/analyze

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Another approach to developing security metrics is Enterprise Performance Framework, based on three ideas. What are these ideas?

Effectiveness/Efficiency/Strategic improvement

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Success/Competence/Strategic

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Competence/Success/Technical

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Technical/Operational/Strategic

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What is the goal of establishing metrics for PACS or security video systems?

To enable the SOC to respond to alarms

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To reduce the amount of work for the operators

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To enable report generation

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To reduce the amount of noise on the operator's screen

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If using IT Systems, then compliance Standards for IT systems must be met. What is the Act

designated for Federal IT Systems?

Federal Intelligence Security Management Act 2014

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Federal Intelligence Security Management Act 2004

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Federal Information Security Management Act 2004

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Federal Information Security Management Act 2014

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Security risk management precepts should be applied, not only to facility design and electronic

systems but also to:……………

Every aspect of facility design

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All meetings with external stakeholders

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Every aspect of a comprehensive protection strategy

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All discussions with board executives

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When looking at design principles, there are two foundational principles. What are they?

Vulnerability Analysis and Security Surveys

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Risk Assessment and Vulnerability Analysis

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Risk Analysis and Layered Security

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Four Ds and Layered Security/defense in depth

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The critical detection point is defined as what?

Where delay time remaining exceeds the response force-time

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The distance outside the perimeter that the security team can see

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The final barrier that secures the critical asset

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When the delay time expires is greater than adversary capability

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Balanced protection can also mean that effective elements of physical security architecture will be encountered no matter how an adversary attempts to accomplish his or her goal. In this context, a balanced system is a configuration where:

Medium time to physically penetrate barrier is calculated/ probability of detecting penetration is minimal

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Minimum time to penetrate barrier is equal/probability of detecting penetration is equal

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Maximum time to penetrate barrier is equal/probability of not detecting penetration is equal

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The critical point has been breached

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Balanced security requires an equal use of electronic, structural, and procedural protection measures. What other consideration is missing in terms of balance?

Human

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Cost

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Structure

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Layout

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An example of redundant equipment that takes over the function of disabled equipment is?

Security' hot site.'

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Reserve generators

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Note pad and pencil

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Backup power

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What can be a cost-effective solution to physical protection issues?

Transfer the risk

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Procedural changes

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A comprehensive Security Program

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Stop the activity

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What are the areas identified that ‘have definite security relevance’?

loading docks, trash bins/dumpsters, and backup generators

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Loading docks, waste disposal bins, electrical sub-stations

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Primary entrances, secondary entrances, fire egress routes

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Procedural plans for responding to flooding

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Concerning ownership and occupancy, what is the key question to be asked?

Who owns the building?

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Who accesses the building?

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What activities are going on in the building?

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What is the strength of the facility?

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Concerning access, three groupings are indicated. What are they?

Private/Public/Mixed

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Semi Public/Semiprivate/Mixed

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Staff/Customers/Visitors

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Mixed/Closed/Open

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When considering the facility’s surroundings, what must the security professional include in their

considerations?

Photographs

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Terrain and lines of sight

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Perimeter and standoff

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Terrain and neighbors

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Any strategy or option chosen must be evaluated, using what criteria?

Viability/Availability/Affordability

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Availability/Affordability/Feasibility

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Accessibility/Profitability/Feasibility

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Profitability/Availability/Feasibility

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What is the first priority when beginning a new project?

Determine the number of people who use the facility

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Obtain drawings from architects

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Determine the client's requirements

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Determine the use of the facility

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Which of the following is a simple equation for calculating risk?

Risk = Vulnerability X Threat X Asset Value

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Risk = Vulnerability X Threat – Asset Value

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Risk = Insider Threat X Asset Vulnerability X Project Cost

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Risk = Vulnerability X Assets Types X Threat

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The challenge for designers and their clients is to balance the need to maintain public access against what?

Risk Mitigation

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Security Management

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Security Design

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Ensuring public safety

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What type of lights best support color CCTV?

Bright lights

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High-pressure sodium

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LED

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Metal halide

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If an explosive is detonated in an urban environment, the impacts on the structure can be dramatically increased by….?

Reflective pressures

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Overpressure

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Shock waves

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Thermal effects

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What is a structural design consideration for buildings that are three or more stories tall?

Blast engineering

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Progressive collapse

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Fire loading

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Vehicle impact

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Natural ventilation is preferred; however, fresh air intakes are a potential target. What is helpful in

protecting against threats to air intakes?

Fencing around the perimeter

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CCTV surveillance

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Elevation

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Prevailing winds

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considers integrated security and protection strategies. What are the four levels of integration to be considered?

Electrical/Architectural/Guarding elements/ICT

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Systems/Technical/Security/ICT

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Electronic Security systems/Physical Security elements/Security programs/Enterprise risk management

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Architectural/Electronic/Security/Enterprise Risk

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Physical security elements are generally categorized as…..?

Walls/Doors/Locks

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Manned Guarding/Surveillance Systems/Access Control

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Surveillance/Structural/Management

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Electronic security systems/Structural measures/Human capital

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In general, “a barrier is a natural or ___________ obstacle to the movement/________ of persons, animals, vehicles or_____________’. Choose the missing words.

Man-made/Course/Objects

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Man-made/Direction/Materials

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Artificial/Course/Contraband

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Manufactured/Direction/Materials

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What determines a barrier’s ultimate value?

The weakest portion

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The architect

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Time of attack

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Security designer

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What would be the first step in upgrading a facility’s resistance to penetration?

Adding alarm sensors to all doors

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Blocking off unnecessary doors

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Eliminating unnecessary doors

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Insisting upon security-rated doors for the entire facility

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What is not a property of laminated glass?

Bonded middle layer

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Preferred glass type for mitigating blast

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Made up of two sheets of ordinary glass

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Breaks into large shards

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Your facilities management provider must replace site windows due to the assessed risk from explosive devices. Which of the following elements is part of the system for consideration?

Glass

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Surrounding mounting structure

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Frame

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All of the above

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You are asked by your client to specify the optimum distance for securing a roof space with a secondary barrier. What are the distances you would recommend?

9 to 13in (24.2cm to 29.5cm)

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10 to 12in (25.4cm to 30.5cm)

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10 to 12Ft (3.00m to 3.65m)

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1 to 2 in (25mm to 51mm)

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When is a center rail required on a chain-link fence?

On fabric over 12ft (3.66m) in height

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On fabric over 6ft (1.83m) in height

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On fabric over 10ft (3m) in height

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On fabric over 8ft (2.5) in height

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What is the typical distance between ‘dead men’?

50ft (15m)

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100ft (30m)

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150ft (45m)

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200ft (61m)

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There are two basic categories of blocking barriers; what are they?

Active/Inactive

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Open/Closed

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Passive/Active

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Fixed/Open

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Your client has ordered a new UL accredited safe weighing less than 750lb. The safe will be located in an isolated office, and your client will not be installing any alarms or surveillance devices. What advice would you provide for installation?

It should be anchored

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Placed in a separate room

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Fitted with key locking

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Placed on a spreader plate

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A client asks you to specify a container capable of holding paper records and safeguarding them

against fire. He requires a maximum of four hours’ resistance against fire. Which container designation do you use?

Class 450 – 4

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Class 350 – 4

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Class 150 – 4

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Class 125 – 1

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What is not a characteristic of high-pressure sodium lighting?

See more detail in fog

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Applied on streets

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Good color rendition

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Energy efficient

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What is indicated as the reflectance of Asphalt?

40%

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95%

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25%

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5%

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What are the three underlying elements of CPTED?

Territoriality/Surveillance/Access Control

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Positional/Technical/Access Control

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Mechanical/Organizational/Natural

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Territoriality/Observational/Access Control

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When considering territoriality, what is a relatively simple tool?

Access Control

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Wayfinding

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Security officers

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Signage

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When considering access control as part of CPTED, natural methods use what?

Functionality/Circulation Patterns/Security Zoning

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Spatial Awareness/Crowd Flows/Security Zoning

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Spatial Definition/Circulation Patterns/Security Zoning

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Spatial Definition/Crowd Flows/Security Zoning

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Your client has asked for advice on designing a new parking facility. What CPTED advice would you

provide for the Design of ground floor exterior doors to the garage?

Recessed to protect users from the rain

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Allow egress only

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Illuminated adequately

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Alarmed

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Your client has an ATM located in an area where drug trafficking is a known problem, and the local convenience store has been robbed thrice in the last month. What advice would you provide to your client?

Do nothing and monitor the situation

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Increase the illumination and natural surveillance

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Increase the number of ATMs to spread the risk

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Move, close, or limit the times of operation

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When considering the security vulnerabilities of mechanical locks, what types of attacks are there?

Force/Surreptitious/Social Engineering

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Force/Stealth/Impression-making

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Picking/Spreading/Copying

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Force/Surreptitious/Impression-making

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Which type of scanner providing an X-Ray approach can extract information to calculate material

mass, density, and mass absorption coefficient?

Processed Tomography

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Computed Tomography

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Handheld Scanner

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Bulk Operation

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What is a nuisance alarm?

Alarm not caused by the intrusion

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A metric that the installer can set

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An indication of equipment failure

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Something that causes the security officer to respond

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Microwave sensors can tolerate many environmental conditions. Which of the following might cause a nuisance alarm?

Vegetation 2" in height

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Pools of standing water

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Loose mesh on a chain-link fence running parallel to the zone of detection

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All of the above

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To protect the system from lightning, what could be installed at the end of the cables?

Passive transient suppression devices

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Voltage suppression devices

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Active transient suppression devices

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Hydraulic suppression devices

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What type of internal sensor is best deployed to detect forced entry through a room’s windows, doors or walls?

Covert sensor

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Line sensor

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Passive sensor

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Volumetric sensor

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How should a microwave sensor be orientated to achieve optimum detection?

So the adversary is forced to attack another target

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So the adversary is forced to move around the detection zone

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So the adversary is forced to move across the detection zone

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So the adversary is forced to move towards or away from the sensor

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There are only four reasons to have cameras in security applications. Which of the following is not a reason?

To obtain visual information about something that is happening

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To obtain visual information about something that has happened

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To deter and prevent undesirable activities

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To use video analytics tools

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Video compression is___________, which will dramatically improve ____transfers and

__________________ between video devices and network appliances. Choose the missing words.

Improving/Data/Communications

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Getting better/Rate/Information

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Refining/Figures/Connections

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Improving/Rate/Communications

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What guarding solution would you recommend to your client should they want to maintain control and reduce administration while maximizing cost savings?

Contract with the service manager

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Proprietary

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Contract

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Hybrid

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Learning can be separated into various domains. What are they?

Reasoning/Emotional/Mental activity

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Cognitive/Affective/Psychomotor

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Cognitive/Emotional/Physical

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Knowledge/Perceptual/Mental

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Who should receive special training in management, leadership, etc.?

Security managers

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Staff who have attended self-teaching courses on leadership

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All personnel who supervise others

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Fast-track candidates

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All security projects work within a set of constraints comprising…………………………..?

Scope, Schedule, Budget, Quality

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Schedule, Space, Scope, Budget

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chedule, Space, and Budget

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Schedule, Space, Scope, Budget

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Risk analysis identifies assets that need to be _________, determines the impact of the organization regarding _________ , and the ___________that may affect assets. Choose the missing words.

Protected/Losses/Perils

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Provided/Risk/Assets

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Protected/Risk/Resources

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Procured/Losses/Resources

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System Design is a serial process with each Phase and task needing completion before the next can begin. Which task would typically be second during a technical security project?

Construction documents

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Design development

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Conceptual (schematic)

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Risk analysis

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Desired capacity of a security system may be changed as the Design develops; what expansion capacity should a designer typically consider at the beginning of a project to anticipate this issue?

100 – 150 %

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25 – 50 %

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10 – 15 %

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50 – 100 %

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The objective of the design and documentation phase is to complete the design and document process to the level of detail necessary for the chosen method of procurement. The greater level of detail in the Design will lead to………………..?

Better responses from bidders and higher project costs

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Better responses from bidders and lower project costs

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Fewer responses from bidders and higher project costs

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Fewer responses from bidders and lower project costs

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Generally, a high-rise structure is considered to be one that extends higher than the maximum reach of available fire-fighting equipment. In absolute numbers, this has been set variously between which heights? Select the correct heights.

250 – 300 feet

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200 – 250 feet

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150 – 200 feet

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75 – 100 feet

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What security concept concerning building operating modes is described as Where a major tenant may occupy a large part of the building, and one or more elevator banks may be designated as closed, while other elevator banks that provide access for multiple tenants are operated in an open mode?

Open buildings

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Mixed buildings

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Close buildings

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Hybrid buildings

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To mitigate the conflict between life safety and security requirements in relation to stairwell doors and access, what is a permissible solution in some jurisdictions?

During non-emergency times, a delayed-egress locking device provides a 15-30 second delay in opening the emergency fire exit door on the inside and at ground level.

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During non-emergency times, a delayed-egress locking device provides a 30-45 second delay in opening the emergency fire exit door on the inside and at ground level.

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

During non-emergency times, a delayed-egress locking device provides a 30-60 second delay in opening the emergency fire exit door on the inside and at ground level.

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During non-emergency times, a delayed-egress locking device provides a 45-75 second delay in opening the emergency fire exit door on the inside and at ground level.

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Name the two types of lock that may be fitted to the outside stairwell doors (where they exit the building)?

Key-operated pin tumbler locks and Electromagnetic locks

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Electromagnetic locks and Dial combination locks

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Dial combination lock and Key-operated pin tumbler locks

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All of the above

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For new constructions, Design will aim for structures to withstand the detonation of explosives without progressive failure of the structure. Maximizing the distance between a parked vehicle and the building is important and is referred to as ‘setback’. What other term is used which is synonymous with setback?

Buffer zone

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Defense distance

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Standoff distance

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Design basis threat

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In the case of a fire alarm activation, elevator cars may be programmed to automatically return to a designated level (often the ground floor); they are then available for firefighters’ service using a special key. What Phase of operation is the use of this key referred to?

Phase 1

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Phase 2

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Phase 3

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Phase 4

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What system in a high-rise building is designed to transport water vertically to upper floors of a

building for fire-fighting purposes?

Hose system

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Riser system

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Standpipe system

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Sprinkler system

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Where, ideally, should the Security Operations Centre be situated within a high-rise structure?

Main lobby/reception area

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On a floor with restricted access

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In a central location

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In the most secure location within the structure

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Week 4 – Physical Security – Assessment Test

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